One
Tuesday, July 1, 1930
Huntsville, Texas—9:55 AM
Claude fidgeted in the freshly laundered clothes Evie had brought him to wear in court. He ran clammy fingers between his neck and the starchy collar that bit into his skin like a convention of ticks. The stiff pant legs in his overalls crinkled whenever he readjusted his ample frame on the hard bench. He looked around but no one seemed aware of the racket except for him. The relentless rhythmic tapping from the clock in the corner reminded him of the weeks he’d wasted in jail and every click represented another second away from his life.
Claude knew deep inside he had always tried to be a good man but he wished he had paid attention to Evie’s warning last May, the night before he’d ventured onto the roadway near Harmon Creek.
“I seen something awful out there by that creek,” she had told him. “There was blood and a car wreck and I seen you there too, tending to a dying man. But what hurt him the most wasn’t from no accident.”
That was all he could get out of her, except for her beseeching him not to go. Her visions always scared the dickens out of him, but he had business to conduct that night and they needed the money, so he had gone anyway.
He’d put in ten long, hard years at the Laidlaw Sawmill before it went out of business the last week of December. Jobs were hard enough to find for a white man, but for Claude, it was almost impossible, even though he had a reputation for dependability and a knack for fixing things. He sometimes played dominoes with some fellows down the road and shortly after the layoff, one of them suggested he could maybe pick up a few bucks making hooch.
“The money’s good and I knows your daddy taught you how to do it,” JoJo had told him. “Just don’t run up against the big boys. Keep it small. If they find out about you, they’ll lean on you hard.” JoJo was a good domino player so Claude figured at the time he must know a thing or two about getting by.
Claude set up shop on a flat area in the bottomland close to Harmon Creek, near his secret hunting and fishing spot, a location he’d known since childhood. He remembered the first time he’d seen the odd, tiny clearing next to the large, bent pine tree. His granddaddy had told him the ground was permanently bare because it was a place where the devil did his dirty work. Because of that, he’d avoided it for years, silently passing by while in pursuit of food for the table.
“Maybe it’s as it should be,” he said when he surveyed it for his new enterprise. He deemed the flat and secluded location perfect for the task. “Preacher Davis calls alcohol ‘the Devil’s elixir,’ so maybe this is a fitting place.”
He began to assemble what he needed just as soon as it was spring enough to work outside. Beulah, his mule, had done the heavy hauling for him, at least until she died. He hated to lose her, but she was old when he got her and he knew she’d had a rough life.
He learned something of the basics when he was ten. Like JoJo had reminded him his daddy dabbled in the distilled arts and he’d helped when he could. Making hooch wasn’t totally against the law back then, but it was, as his daddy had said, “a way of grabbing some liquid refreshment on the cheap.” Claude was sure the fact the old man could pick up some gaming money on the side was an added benefit. His daddy worked hard, drank hard, and played hard, the very recipe that led to his early passing.
He remembered the old man whittling kindling strips off dried oak branches with his oversized ivory-handled pocket knife, then starting a fire under the boiler. The knife had intricate carvings in the handle and Claude would marvel at them whenever his father let him hold it for even a little while.
“Scrimshaw,” the old man had said, although the word meant nothing to the boy.
He’d slice thick, even curls of wood and add them under piles of larger branches. The crisp splinters crackled like his great-grandmother’s knees as they sparked to life and began the process of turning the mash into a brew.
Claude pulled again at his collar, rousted out of his daydream momentarily as more people filed into the cavernous chamber. The courtroom in July was almost as hot as it had been that late May night weeks earlier when he’d been arrested. He had carried a box of six mason jars full of his moonshine up to the turnoff for the new bridge over Harmon Creek, where he had arranged a sale. His hidden still was within walking distance to the bridge. Without Beulah, he had to hoof it everywhere and could only sell as much as he could carry, but that was a lot. Years of wrestling log carcasses into the big spinning sawmill blade had tempered his muscles and tendons into bands of steel. A car appeared and he was happy they were on time because he needed the money.
“I got my eye on a new mule,” he had told Evie a week or so earlier. She’d been dead set against the idea of bootlegging from the start. He was headstrong and had won the argument that one time and that night he had ignored her vision as well. As it turned out, she had been right all along and he wished he had listened to her.
The car slowed and three white men got out. They were definitely not the college boys he had talked to the previous day in town.
Then he heard, “You in a heap ‘o trouble, boy,” before he saw the flash of a badge on the coat of the driver and realized someone had squealed on him.
The two others rushed him and one hit him in the head with a two-foot length of thick dowel, knocking him to the ground where another man kicked him once in the ribs. He knew he could have likely held his own, but a Black man just didn’t raise a fist to a white man in this state, especially white lawmen. Not fighting back was risky…he knew many who would have tried, but he figured he had a better chance of living if he just took it. He was glad he had forgotten his daddy’s knife or he might have entertained more of an inclination to put up a fight. He’d sure hate to lose that knife; it was the only thing of his daddy’s he still owned.
They put heavy manacles on his wrists and it took all three of them to lift him to his feet. “You’re lucky we’re with the county. The G-men would have been rough with you,” one of them quipped.
After a week in jail, the white man sitting next to him in court sent for him. Claude had liked the man from the start because, despite the cramped quarters in the little room, he got right down to business.
“My name is Earl Swanger. I’m not about to let you go to trial without a good lawyer,” he had told him. “Reverend Erasmus Davis has arranged for me to take the case. I’ve done some work for him in the past and he assures me you deserve a fair shake.”
“I don’t have no money to pay you,” Claude protested.
“We’ll worry about that later. Now let me see what I can do to work something out with the court, okay?”
Claude’s daydream was again cut short when a burly bailiff stood and cast a stern gaze across the courtroom. He could see the judge adjusting a black cloak over in a doorway to one side. The people sprinkled around the room fell silent at the bailiff’s next words.
“All rise.”
Claude Davidson assumed the judge’s apparent mean stare was directed at him, so he leaned over and whispered to attorney Swanger who stood next to him, “Is he or ain’t he?”
“Shhh, Claude,” he whispered. “I did everything I could. We’ll just have to wait and see if the judge is going to be lenient.” The dapper gentleman adjusted his tie.
The bailiff glared at Claude, who stiffened and leveled his head to face his judgment.
“Be seated.”
Claude stooped to sit but Earl Swanger put a hand on his elbow and whispered, “Not you. We both keep standing.”
The judge shuffled some papers from his high perch, and two stern blue eyes twinkled like fireflies as he fixed a bespectacled gaze right at Claude, who instantly felt his frame wither several inches. Claude’s forehead glistened as beads of sweat formed a wide arc from temple to temple.
The judge said, “I’ve considered the matter carefully. You, Claude Davidson,” he paused and again directed his steady glare at the defendant, “have been accused of the manufacture and sale of alcohol in Walker County, Texas. Are you ready to hear the court’s judgment?”
Claude cleared his throat. “Yes.”
“Your Honor,” Earl murmured from the side of his mouth.
“Uh, Your Honor. Yes, Your Honor.”
The judge frowned and continued. “Your attorney, Mr. Swanger…”
Claude could almost feel Earl wince at the mispronunciation. He had heard the name corrected more than once, his attorney saying it was like ‘swan’ and not like ‘sang’ and he wondered how on earth anyone could fight the impulse to correct the judge because Claude struggled to keep his own mouth closed.
“…has argued that you have fallen on hard times and were trying to support your family. He reminded the court that the amount of alcohol was small and of limited consequence and has changed your plea to guilty, mentioning these extenuating circumstances. Yet making whiskey is against the laws of both the State of Texas and of the United States of America. You do love your country, don’t you, boy?”
Claude hated that word and took in a deep breath but fought down his disgust and meekly answered, “Yes, Your Honor.”
“You’ve had no other arrests and were gainfully employed until the Laidlaw sawmill went out of business. Oh, and Reverend Davis of the Antioch Episcopal Methodist Church has also sent me a note on your behalf. Both he and your attorney assure me that you plan to get out of the illegal enterprises you have been arrested for and that you’ll stay in church and will continue to lead a good law-abiding life. Because of this, the court will accept your guilty plea and sentence you to time served.” The wood-on-wood sound of the gavel hitting the sound block echoed from the walls.
Claude’s eyes widened, “Uh, thank you, Your Honor.”
“You can thank Mr. Swanger. He presented a very good case on your behalf.”
At the next table, a balding Alvin R. McIntyre, the district attorney, slammed a book closed and shoved it into a battered briefcase. He looked over at Claude and Earl and sighed. “I don’t like losing to you, Earl.”
Swanger smiled. “Now, Alvin, I suspect it’s something you’re going to have to get used to in a few weeks. Besides, it wasn’t a loss. My client pled guilty and was convicted. You’ve just lost him to your road gangs.”
“Two weeks is a long time before an election, Swanger,” he said, pointedly mimicking the judge’s mispronunciation.
“It’s SWAN-GER, as you well know. I think you had better get used to it. Come on, Claude, let’s finish your paperwork and get you back home to your wife.”
As they made their way to the back of the courtroom, Claude said, “That district attorney don’t like you too much, do he? I reckon he don’t like me too much either.”
“I’m running against him in the primary election in two weeks. Sorry to say this was a felony, Claude. You can’t vote now. What about your wife? Have you paid her poll tax?”
“I don’t reckon I have. Money too hard to come by.” Claude grinned. “You said so yourself.”
Earl sighed. “That’s another thing I wish I could change. No one should have to pay to vote. It just isn’t right.”
“I don’t know much about voting and such, but I hope you win.”
“You and me both, Claude,” he said as he disappeared into an office and quickly emerged, tucking some papers into his briefcase. “That about takes care of you. You’re free to go. Now, about my fee.”
“You told me you’d be needing some work around your place. I can do most anything I set my mind to.”
“Yes, I need help preparing a little garden area that came with our house. It’s been neglected for a while, but I suspect we will all be needing bigger gardens soon. That and perhaps just a little more work around my place should be fee enough.”
“I heard Mr. Hoover said things is going to be all right if we just sits tight.”
“Yes, he does, but I have a feeling he’s wrong. I think things are going to get much worse.”
“Well, you’re a good man, Mister Earl. I wouldn’t have a good lawyer like you if you weren’t willing to work with me some.”
“You just be sure you stay in church and keep out of trouble, like I promised you would. There’s a big criminal organization trying to control all the alcohol in the area. You can’t compete with them and it’s dangerous—for you and your family.”
“I know them big boys is the ones who turned me in. Plenty of business in this prohibition stuff for everybody, but they greedy.”
“Just steer clear. I want you to get rid of that still. How soon can you take care of it?”
Claude looked down and shuffled his feet. “Nobody but me knows where it is. I’ll make my way out into the woods as soon as I can and bust it up. I promised my Evie I’d spend some time with her after I got out of jail, then there’s the work I promised to do for you.”
“You need a little something to help you get by?” Earl held out his hand with a bit of folded green paper showing.
“Mister Earl…I’m the one who’s beholding to you.”
“I promise, you’ll be paying me back this and more, but I worry about your family. And, Claude, you can call me Buddie. My friends all call me Buddie.”
“Mister Buddie, me and Evie are grateful for all your help. I’ll keep on the straight and narrow, I promise. And you can keep your dollars. She still house cleaning for the Liebermans, so we getting by. And as soon as I can, I’ll go out there and wreck that still.”
Earl put the money back in his pocket. “So long, Claude. I’ll see you up at my place in a couple of days and show you what I need you to do.”
Huntsville, Texas—11:15 AM
Earl watched Claude make his way down the street, and turned toward his office two blocks away. He paused beside the entrance and dusted off the small sign beside the door that said, “Swanger and Bryant.” His wife, Lily May, had painted it for them when they first set up shop in Huntsville. They’d recently moved to this smaller office and had brought the sign with them. He never failed to admire the stylish flourishes she had added to the lettering.
He smiled at the blond man sitting behind a mound of papers and books just inside the doorway. The office was cramped, with barely enough room for the two desks. To one side there was a tiny alcove with a table and several chairs.
“Hello, Jimmy.”
The man looked up. “Oh, I didn’t expect you so soon. How’d it go?”
“Just about as I expected. Time served.”
“How’d Claude take it?”
“He’s happy to be out of jail.”
“Do you think he’ll get out of the business now?”
“I hope so. He can’t compete against the other operations in this area. McIntyre was fit to be tied. He tried the case himself.”
“Really? Why? Do you think he was behind it, the arrest, I mean?”
“I think his people pressured Claude to join with the organization. From what I’ve heard around the jail, Claude made some of the best stuff in the county.”
“So you still think McIntyre is involved the local booze business? I mean, you really think a district attorney could run that big of an operation? ”
“It’s what I’m running against. And, yes, I am sure he’s connected with everything troubling our area. The people paying off McIntyre are the ones I want to get and he knows that. It’s one reason he pushed so hard against poor Claude. The man was making a few gallons at a time. I don’t agree with what he was doing, but he was trying to provide for his family. For heaven’s sake, he told me he was going to use the money from that sale to buy a new mule. I don’t even think he drinks the stuff he makes. At least not much.”
“Well, just be careful. If you’re right about McIntyre’s involvement, going head to head against him in court could impact your campaign.”
“They wouldn’t dare push too hard against me, in court or during the campaign.”
“Don’t be too sure. McIntyre has run unopposed since the war. So has Sheriff Steele. I overheard McIntyre the other day at the luncheonette bad-mouthing you something awful. I know he took great offense when you grabbed Claude’s case.”
Earl sat at the empty desk and opened his briefcase. “Every man has the right to a defense, even the coloreds. I’ve helped that Preacher Davis out a couple of times and he came to me on Claude’s behalf. How could I say no?”
Jimmy smirked. “You’re right, but I wish you’d make more of a strong stand with paying clients.”
“I’ll get my fee out of him in bartered work. And he’ll be a resource for more business, paying business. I know most Negro clients don’t have a lot of money, but they usually pay in cash.”
“Eventually.” Jimmy shook his head and turned his attention to his small mountain of papers. “I wish we hadn’t over-extended our credit with our last office. Bad advice on my part.”
“We’re just fine in these cozy digs and things will pick up. We both have enough small cases to pay the rent.”
“And the lawsuit?”
“I hope to settle that out of court. They should never have sued us for such a small amount. And besides, Jimmy, no one knew the stocks would take such a beating. It’s my fault for borrowing and investing so much—it took most of our capital when things crashed.”
Jimmy laughed, “I thought it was a good idea, too. Everybody we know was investing. Anyhow, Hoover says it will soon bounce back.”
“I’m not too sure about that. And we aren’t the only ones that Lone Star Finance outfit is going after. They’re pulling in almost all of their late accounts. The docket is full of them. That’s a panic move.”
“I know it doesn’t look good. But how bad could it get for us? Won’t people always need lawyers?”
Earl set his mouth in a grimace. “Not as much as you might think they do. If things get rough, folks just won’t have the cash. Anyway, I need some work done around my place so Claude Davidson will at least save me some time and money.”
“Well, I have the Peterson divorce on tap. He’s loaded and I’ve got her set to take him to the cleaners, what with his wife-beating charge on top of his philandering ways. That should give us a leg up. He should have kept his hands to himself.”
“In more ways than one,” Earl quipped.
“Still, I wonder what a nationwide financial crisis will do to the divorce rate.”
“I suspect it will soar.” Earl checked his watch. “Oh, my. I promised Lily May I’d be home shortly after five. We’ve got some people coming over after dinner. How late are you staying?”
Jimmy was hammering away at a typewriter with his index fingers. “I’ve got to finish this brief. I wish we could afford to get a girl in here.”
Earl waved his arm around the room. “And where do you propose we put her?”
“You’ve got a point. Maybe if business picks up…”
“If I’m elected, you’ll soon have the place all to yourself.”
“That’s right. I can keep doing my own typing until then.”
Earl snapped his briefcase closed and flipped the clasp. “I better get a move on.”
“Give Lily May my regards.”
“I will. I’ll see you, Jimmy.”
Earl left the office and walked the half block to his green Ford Model-A four door sedan, and then drove the short distance to his house.
He opened the door and sneaked a peek at his wife, who was rushing around the kitchen. He stood in the entryway and watched her as she scurried back and forth, almost in a blur, intent on her preparations. He smiled. No one had embraced his candidacy as intensely as she had. She’d supported him when he ran for county attorney in Leon County and stood by him after he decided to skip reelection and move to Huntsville. For him, it was the next logical step. First, move to the bigger area, get well-known, and then try for district attorney of the Twelfth Judicial District. He purposely scuffed a sole on the wood floor to attract her attention.
“Buddie! You nearly scared me to death!”
“I’m sorry, dear, I was just transfixed by your loveliness as you darted around the kitchen.”
“Oh, you hush. But you’re sweet. Now we have the officers of the Elks Lodge coming after dinner, so tonight will be a sandwich night. I have so much to do before they get here. Come in and help me so we can eat.”
In the kitchen he spied a variety of platters on one counter, each full of either small sandwiches, crackers, or spreads. Sliced tomatoes covered another platter. Their huge punch bowl sat on another counter, full of a pinkish liquid.
“It looks lovely, Lily May. I don’t deserve you.”
“You probably don’t, but now that I’ve got you all trained, you’re just stuck with me.”
Earl stopped her in mid-stride and hugged her, following with a kiss.
“Now you’ve messed up my lipstick and got a smudge of it on your cheek. Grab that napkin and wipe your face, then cut us four slices of bread and don’t forget to put the loaf with the cut side down on the breadboard after you’re finished. There’s just enough of my special mayonnaise left for our sandwiches, so after you finish slicing, spread some of it on the bread.”
Earl did as he was instructed and handed Lily May the plate. She proceeded to layer cheese, sliced corned beef, lettuce, and tomato on one slice of the bread, added the second slice of bread and placed one of the completed sandwiches on another plate. She then deftly sliced them both in half and handed Earl the plates.
“You take these into the other room, and I’ll bring us some water.”
Earl sat at the dining room table and was soon joined by his bride, who brought two glasses of water along with two napkins.
“Now, Earl Swanger, you eat your sandwich and don’t you drop any crumbs on my clean floor or you’ll be mopping it.”
He laughed at her and they quickly ate their sandwiches.
“I got that Negro out of jail today with time served,” he said.
“Oh, the one who made moonshine? What was his name?
“Claude Davidson. He’s going to do some work around here to pay me off. Fix up the garden.”
“I hope he can fix that porch, too. I swear I’m fearful of breaking a leg bone every time I step outside.”
“Yes, dear. I’ll also ask him to look at the porch. Preacher Davis assures me Claude is quite the handyman.”
“Now you brush those crumbs off your lip and put the plates in the sink. I’ve still got a lot to do before those Elks get here. And don’t eat any of those other sandwiches!”
“I guess this goes with seeking political office,” he joked as he stood, but paused to reach out and squeeze Lily May’s hand.
She clasped his hand in return and said, “Now, get a move on, the Elks will be here in twenty minutes and I need to wash these dishes. If you would, lay out the tablecloth and bring in the refreshments. Hurry! How will you ever be elected if you dawdle about?”
Two
Thursday, July 3, 1930
Huntsville, Texas—1:30 PM
A grizzled man with the makings of a salt and pepper beard almost dislodged the tattered hat he wore as he vigorously shook Earl Swanger’s hand.
“Mr. Swanger, I want you to know I appreciate you running against that Alvin McIntyre. He’s the crookedest district attorney we’ve ever had in these parts,” then added with a twinkle in his eye, “…and that’s saying something.”
The speaker had leaned forward as he emphasized every word and when Earl bent his head to listen to this enthusiastic voter, he noted the knee patches on the man’s tattered overalls and the ragged shoes he wore. It was the type of hardscrabble groundswell of support he enjoyed the most. He was thankful to hear similar testimonials almost every time he walked down the street. He expected to encounter such talk at scheduled events, but as the primary grew near, he was often cornered by voters. It happened to him after church, in the café or barber shop, and even when he simply shopped in stores. It told him people were ready for a change.
“I’ll do my best,” he always responded, with a practiced reply. “I appreciate your support.”
Returning from the courthouse, the brutal July sun wore him down a bit as he made his way to his small office. He met his partner, Jimmy Bryant, walking in the opposite direction.
“Buddie, are you going to the July fourth shindig tomorrow?”
“How could I miss that? With the primary looming on the twenty-sixth, it should be a real boost to my campaign. It’ll be a long weekend for me. Well, for both of us, if you’re still interested in helping out.”
“Of course I am.” Jimmy removed his bowler and wiped a wet brow with his wrinkled handkerchief. “That’s the right thing to do, spend a lot of time speaking. I heard you really impressed the Elks the other night.”
“That was just the officers. I think they were more interested in Lily May’s refreshments than they were in anything I had to say.”
“Don’t sell yourself short, Buddie. McIntyre has held the courts of this district tight in his hands for long enough. Other lawyers tell me he is really worried about you. You heading to the office?”
Earl nodded. “Need to finish up some papers before the holiday.”
“Yeah,” Jimmy added, “It’s always nice when a holiday falls on a Friday. Gives us a long weekend. What papers?”
“I just finalized that Lambert case. It’s worked out mighty nice for us. We’ll get enough to clear out some debts and give us a tidy cushion.”
“That’s great. I sure hate to lose you as a partner, Buddie. You carry us both sometimes.”
“I haven’t won the primary yet, Jimmy. And even if I do, there’s the general election to worry about.”
“The Republicans haven’t even put up a candidate, so if you win the primary, you’re in. Hey, if you lose the primary, you could…”
Earl laughed. “Hold on there. Let’s not get too far ahead of ourselves.”
Three
Friday, July 4, 1930
Huntsville, Texas—10:00 AM
A hot and dry Friday bloomed over the small Independence Day crowd forming near the courthouse, but the throng grew by the minute. July Fourth was always a good campaign opportunity since so many people were off work for the holiday. Sporadic firecrackers popped in the distance, adding a festive mood to the gathering. Many candidates were milling about, some cordial and some made dour by a perceived lack of voter enthusiasm.
Over to one side of the courthouse, Lily May straightened Earl’s collar and dusted off his shoulders. “Now, Buddie, do you know what you’re going to say?”
“This is not my first speech. I’ve run for office before, dearest.”
“I know, but Lordy, I get butterflies in my stomach just thinking about it.”
“Don’t worry, this is just another election.”
“But when you ran before, it was for county attorney. The twelfth district covers a lot of counties. Of course they know you in Leon County, so that should be easy and that’s why I’m going up there to visit my aunt in Marquez. She’s already been setting me up opportunities to go speak for you.”
“And I appreciate it. You’ve always been my best advocate with those folks.”
Lily May blushed. “How could I be anything else? I love you, Buddie. And I know you’ll make a fine district attorney. Now you just go on up and tell everybody else that same thing.”
Earl took a deep breath and ascended the courthouse steps. At the top, he slowly exhaled and turned to face the crowd.
“Friends of Walker County. I wish you a hearty welcome on this July Fourth as we celebrate the founding of our grand republic, the United States of America.”
He waited for a flurry of applause and the small crowd began to grow as people who had been loitering on the surrounding sidewalks approached.
“My name is Earl R. Swanger and I’m a candidate for district attorney of the Twelfth Judicial District of Texas. Many of you know that I relocated here from Leon County where I was formerly county attorney. In my time in that post, I became dismayed at some of the practices of the current district attorney. I believe Mr. McIntyre serves the interests of Mr. McIntyre more than he serves the good citizens of the Twelfth Judicial District. I promise you here and now that, if elected, I will restore honesty and decency to the office. I’m asking for your support and urge you to vote for me in the primary election on July twenty-sixth. Good citizens, can I count on your support?”
Someone spoke up. “Sure, he’s a crook, everybody in politics is a crook, but he puts the bad guys away too, don’t he? How do we know you’re not a crook, too?”
Earl chuckled. “Friend, let me introduce my darling wife, Lily May, who teaches school to many of your children.” He held out a hand and urged her to stand beside him. “Would anyone as pretty and talented as she is have a crook for a husband?”
Lily May blushed slightly and pushed him away, calling out to the laughing crowd, “Just please vote for Earl, you hear?”
